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Leslie Gruis is an award-winning privacy author. She is the author of two privacy books: The Privacy Pirates (2023) and Privacy Past, Present, and Future (2020). By training, Dr. Gruis is a Ph.D. mathematician; she worked for the U.S. National Security Agency for 30 years. Over that time, she led teams in the development of game-changing technologies. She also worked with government lawyers to ensure that such technologies respected the individual rights of all U.S. citizens. Dr. Gruis’ final assignments in the Intelligence Community were in U.S. Cyber Command and at the National Intelligence Council.